Carbon quotas serve as effective mechanisms for governments to curb carbon emissions, exerting a significant and extensive influence on emission control. This research examines the payoffs for both the government and commercial airlines through the lens of evolutionary game theory, calculating the anticipated returns for each based on their strategic choices. Within this tripartite game involving the government and airlines, the government's expenses are crucial for achieving reductions in carbon emissions. The study also indicates that the price of carbon quotas and the tax rate on quota trading expedite the attainment of these outcomes. Conversely, a decrease in airline costs does not notably affect the results.